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Smoking can cause low birth weight. The more you smoke, the higher the odds of low birth weight. Not only that, but it also affects blood veins adversely, increasing the risks of vascular placenta and placenta abruption. It is advised to quit smoking at the time of planning pregnancy. A mother’s husband should not only quit smoking if he does, but also help her avoid second-hand smoke.
Drinking can cause mental retardation in babies. It is the only cause of such unfortunate result that can be prevented. Generally, congenital deformation of face, deformation of the heart and spine, mental retardation and growth disorders are referred to as fetal alcohol syndrome. It is hard for those who enjoy drinking to go cold turkey, therefore, it is advised to start decreasing the amount of alcohol intake from two to three months before conception and, ultimately, completely stop drinking.
A woman who plans to conceive a baby must inform a doctor if she is on medication. She should consider the effects it might have on her and her baby, and take it only if it is absolutely necessary.